The brand new seas off three regional streams, flowing across the limestone and chalk more thousands of years from inside the an excellent persisted biogeological procedure, keeps deposited absolute dams regarding travertine, carrying out a few beautiful ponds, cascades and you will caves. Its forests try a retreat to possess holds, wolves and many types of birds.
Geographic Location
Close to the Bosnia-Herzegovina border throughout the Dinaric hills, 20 km northwest off Bihac from inside the Bosnia and you will 110km south out of Zagreb with the main roadway southern area on Adriatic. Their estimate coordinates are forty-two° 44′ N so you’re able to forty two° 57’N and you can fifteen° 27′ to help you 15° 36′ Elizabeth.
Bodily Features
Plitvice plateau lays on 650-700m between the Licka Pljesevica (step 1,640m) and you will Mala Kapela (step one,280m) hills in fact it is intersected from the headwaters of your Korana River, the brand new Black-and-white streams. Top of the avoid of your own Korana Area overlying the brand new dolomite stratum try a wide basin carrying top of the lakes as the down lakes invade a narrow limestone canyon. New Plitvice Ponds basin is a development out-of physical supply, a karst lake basin of limestone and you will dolomite, with sixteen dominican cupid Zoeken ponds, trailing dams composed over the last 4000 decades by deposition regarding calcium carbonate from inside the provider because of the encrustation on mosses (Bryum, Cratoneuron), algae and you may marine micro-organisms. It causes the building, around 1-3cm/season, away from traps regarding phytogenetic travertine (calcareous tufa) with developed the lakes of numerous sizes linked of the cascades and waterfalls, particular doing 25m high. They have already trait strange shapes and consist of travertine-roofed and you can vaulted caverns.
This new carbonates go out throughout the Higher Triassic, Jurassic and you may Cretaceous ages and therefore are doing 4,000m thick. Ground brands is humus on the limestone, rendzinas and brown grounds to the limestone, removed and you will brownish got rid of grounds to your limestone and you may humus, brownish soils therefore the got rid of grounds out-of sinkholes. In order to maintain and you can keep the new sheer functions of the lakes out of contamination, the full facial skin and more than of your subterranean water drainage system has been integrated for the boundaries of your own Playground. New section comprise levels of karstified limestone that have dolomites off Jurassic many years.
Environment
The new Federal Park lies on the new edge anywhere between an averagely warm lower top rainy tree environment and you can a top altitude arctic forest environment, having an annual rain of 1,000-step 1,200mm. The fresh new level away from 700m over water-peak and/or imply temperatures out-of -3° C throughout the coldest week might have been drawn as boundary range between them climes.
Flowers
There are twenty-two,308 ha of forest, which cover 75% of Park, 6,957 ha regarding meadow and 217 ha regarding ponds. The newest forest constitutes absolute really stands regarding beech Fagus sylvatica during the all the way down altitudes and you can combined stands off beech and you may fir Abies alba high upwards. The latest percent away from variety was: 72.8% beech, twenty two.1% fir, cuatro.7% spice Picea excelsa and you will 0.4% pine Pinus sylvestris. An area off 84 ha is not reduce and has woods doing 700 yrs . old. The fresh forest is classified in terms of its hidden dolomite and you will limestone strata. The newest dolomite teams were tertiary oak, hornbeam Ostrya carpinifolia, liven and you will beech-fir forest. The fresh limestone teams has actually an inferior amount of forest types, however, cover more substantial area with groups out of spice and you can fern, liven in beech, coppiced hornbeam having sumac Rhus cotinus, Italian maple Acer obtusatum and you can heather Erica spp. Hydrophytic teams away from black alder Alnus glutinosa, willow Salix spp., grey ivy, reeds and you can bulrush groups. Alpine beech groves amounts to the fir and you will beech forests, that have juniper Juniperus sp., and in the latest valleys and on down slopes patches of sub-Mediterranean plants. There clearly was an enormous mosaic from meadow organizations, according to altitude, geology earth or other issues, into the about three classes: Festuco-Brometea, Nardo-Calunatea, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and you can Scheuchzerio-caricatea fuscae. carniolicum, Primula kitaibeliana, P. wulfeniana, Ruscus hypoglossum and you can Paeonia mascula.